The Emerging Paradigm of Geospatial Foundation Models: From Pre-Training to Agentic Reasoning

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arXiv:2607.12177v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The analysis of satellite and aerial imagery has entered a new era with the advent of foundation models. This paper describes the concept of Geospatial Foundation Models (GeoFMs), which are artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) models pre-trained on massive geospatial datasets through varied methodologies. We first articulate the core paradigm shift that GeoFMs enable: a separation of duties, where large-scale model providers perform th