Simulate, Reason, Decide: Scientific Reasoning with LLMs for Simulation-Driven Decision Making

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arXiv:2606.04505v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific simulators are increasingly being integrated into LLM-driven systems for high-stakes simulation-driven decision-making. However, existing frameworks primarily use LLMs to generate, calibrate, or execute simulators, treating them as black-box interfaces rather than as structured mechanistic systems that can be reasoned about. As a result, current approaches lack the ability to identify, represent, and reason about the assumptions and mec