Encifher: A Trusted-Execution Coprocessor for Confidential Computation on Solana

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Public blockchains expose all state and computation by default, which is incompatible with financial applications that require confidentiality. Solana achieves high throughput and sub-second confirmation, making it an attractive settlement layer, yet it offers no general mechanism for computing over encrypted state: fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) remains orders of magnitude too slow for interactive use, secure multi-party computation (MPC) incurs heavy communication, and Solana’s native confi