Watermarking Proofs with Provenance-Binding ZK-SNARKs

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The emerging ecosystem of outsourced proving services, decentralized prover networks, and prover marketplaces raises a new requirement for ZK-SNARKs: the need to watermark proofs with provenance information, such as the prover identity and a fresh request-time nonce. The prover identity records who should receive credit for the proof, while the nonce binds the proof to a particular request and is intended to prevent the prover from reusing work performed before that request was created. The key