TroPUF: Evaluating Hardware Trojan Insertion in Delay-Based Physical Unclonable Functions

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arXiv:2607.23418v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Delay-based Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are commonly used for device authentication and key generation due to the fact that they rely on manufacturing induced delay variations. However, these same variations make PUFs inherently non-deterministic, which can allow malicious logic to blend in with normal circuit behavior. As a result, the act of embedding hardware Trojans directly inside the PUF primitive presents a unique security risk tha