Byzantine Broadcast with Unknown Participants

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A sender wishes to broadcast a message across an open, permissionless network (e.g., on the dark web) such that whoever is around and active reaches agreement, even if the sender is malicious. Crucially, no a priori knowledge of the number of parties or their identities is given, and no assumptions are made regarding the number of honest parties or existence of resource-allocation mechanisms, like proof-of-work or stake. The above is an instance of Byzantine broadcast (BB) with unknown-parti