PATCH-FFT: Unmasking Dormant Hardware Trojans with Patch-Based Frequency-Domain Transformers

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arXiv:2607.23421v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hardware Trojans embedded by malicious entities in integrated circuits can covertly leak sensitive information through power side channels, often remaining undetected in their dormant state until specific trigger conditions activate their malicious behavior. For information-leaking Trojans, detection in the dormant state is critical, as once triggered, the secret data is already exfiltrated. This paper introduces a patch-based Transformer architec